Is article ke jariye main un patients ke bare mein batana chahti hoon, jike paas roshni to hai per bahut hi kam. Lekin aisa nahi hai ki unhe apni ummeed kho deni chahiye. Phir bhi woh apne life apne anusar ji sakte hai.
WHO (World Helth Organisation) ne ek criteria banaya hua hai, jiske anusar patient Low Vision wala kaha jayega aur use uske accordingly her tarah ki suvidhaye bhi milti hai.
According to WHO who is low vision person?
A person with low vision is one who has impairment of visual functioning even after treatment ,surgery or BC & has visual acuity of less than 6/18 to Pl or visual field of ‹10 degrees from the point of fixation ,in the better eye but who is potentially able to use , vision for the planning & or execution of a task.
What is BLINDNESS?
Visual acuity of less than 6/60 or a corresponding visual field loss to less than 10 degrees in the better eye with best possible correction.l Low vision is defined as visual acuity of less than 6/18 but equal to or better than 3/60, or a corresponding visual field loss to less than 20 degrees in the better eye with best possible correction.
Magnitude of visual impairment
- More than 161 million visually impaired
- Million Blind (1.4 million Children)
- 124 million Low Vision
- However Refractive error not included
Distribution of visual impairment
- By Age: >82% of all blind are 50yrs old or older
- By Gender: females at higher risk
- Geographically: >90% in developing countries
Indian Scenario
Largest burden of blindness
- Of a total population exceeding one billion
- 15 million people are blind
- 52 million people are visually impaired
- Prevalence of blindness 0.6%
- Prevalence of low vision 2%
3,20,000 children under the age of 16, constituting one fifth of the world’s blind children
- All India Plan of action on Low vision was developed in 1998
- 22Low vision centers existed prior to 1998
- Nearly 150 professionals trained prior to 2001
Impacts of low vision
- Functional vision
- Occupational
- Academic
- Impact of glare
- Poor Color discrimination
- Effect on recreational activity
- Driving
- Communication
- Impact on self care
Common types of Low Vision
- Loss of Central Vision
- Loss of Side Vision
- Blurred Vision
- Extreme Light Sensitivity
Loss of Central Vision
- Scotoma
- reading print
- recognizing faces
- color vision
Loss of Side Vision
- Unable to perceive people or surrounding
- difficulty in unfamiliar environment
- bumping into peripheral object
- difficulty locating objects, driving & mobility
Blurred Vision
- Affecting distance & near task
- Inability to perceive sharp details eg.dry eye, irregular astigmatism
Homonymous Hemianopia
- Extreme Light Sensitivity
- Exists when standard levels of illumination overwhelm the visual system
- Actually suffer pain or discomfort from relatively normal levels of light.
(e.g. albinism)
Goal
- To help the individual understand the realistic possibilities of the rehabilitation process
- Make the patient independent at his level with his residual vision
lTo enable the patient to perform tasks necessary for survival and for enjoying life
Psychosocial Implications of VI in Different Age Group
- Type of Loss
- Family Reaction
- Life Stages
- Self- Concept
- Emotional Reaction to Loss
- Shock
- Anger
- Depression
Conclusion
- Making low vision care accessible to those in need could make an enormous difference in their quality of life
- Eye care professionals must educate themselves about the benefits of low vision care so that they may evolve appropriate strategies to address the problem in ways that are relevant to the developing world, based on the available resources
Our effort is going to be worthy if we are able to make a positive change in the quality of life of visually impaired individual
